“Die” (1962) by Minimalist Tony Smith
“Die” by Tony Smith, located at the Whitney Museum of American Art . Photo credit: whitney.org
The minimalist sculpture “Die” by American sculptor, Tony Smith (1912 – 1980), has ostensibly little to do with the subject of death and dying. Apart from the fact that the title elicits some kind of relationship with death, the relevance of the sculpture’s form to its subject matter seems enigmatic.
Tony Smith was one of the pioneering figures of Minimalism in the United States. Smith grew up in New Jersey with his family, the owners of a waterworks manufacturing company. Even as a child, he was surrounded by industrial materials – a reality that might have influenced his decision to work with metal and other industrial materials in his art career.
But Smith also suffered from tuberculosis in his youth. He was consequentially pulled from school and dropped into a bubble of social isolation for the sake of his health. While he was ill, Smith visited his family’s factory as often as possible; he was in constant awe of the machinery.
The sculpture “Die” is a reflection of the Smith’s intimate, life-long relationship with industrial materials. “Die” is six feet tall, deep and wide, constructed of steel and given up to a deep, almost rusted shade of brown. “Smith was concerned with deeper notions of measurement,” explains Art Critic Richard Kalina. Smith has taken the symbolic relationship between death and the measurement of six feet – the traditional depth at which to be buried – and renders it powerfully visible in his piece.
“Smith has taken the symbolic relationship between death and the measurement of six feet – the traditional depth at which to be buried – and renders it powerfully visible in his piece.”
Tony Smith. Photo credit: mondo-blogo.blogspot.com
It is also said that the medicine Smith was given during his childhood illness came to him in small, cardboard boxes. “Die,” then, could reflect the proximity Smith may have felt with death at such a young age.
The specific message of “Die” in relation to death remains ambiguous. In fact, it’s unlikely that a single message exists. Death is itself an ambiguous topic –never easy to understand, often feared or avoided, but always present in our minds because of its inevitability. “Die” brings this fear and ambiguity to the forefront of our thoughts.
Through creating a physical representation of his experiences with death, Smith’s “Die” has the ability to jump-start our own thoughts on everything end-of-life related.
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The title of Smith’s sculpture, Die,” is the singular form of the word dice (one die, two dice). When Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon, he said “the die is cast” (alia jacta est). The cubic form of the work suggested the title to Smith, who frequently gave titles to his works that ironically commented on their scale by comparing them to similarly-shaped,much smaller objects. An ominous jet black cube called Die obviously alludes to mortality, but Smith surely would have meant the formal, geometric sense of die to be the primary meaning.
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Funny, when I first heard about this piece I only thought of “die” as the singular form of dice, a more obvious and literal explanation. It exists in pluralities.
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Hi Chacha,
Interesting that you viewed the sculpture that way. Our minds work in many different ways!
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